{"id":585,"date":"2017-07-11T23:00:05","date_gmt":"2017-07-11T15:00:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/9dream.me\/?p=585"},"modified":"2017-07-11T23:58:45","modified_gmt":"2017-07-11T15:58:45","slug":"python%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%808-4-%e5%9b%be%e5%bd%a2%e7%95%8c%e9%9d%a2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/9dream.me\/python%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%808-4-%e5%9b%be%e5%bd%a2%e7%95%8c%e9%9d%a2\/","title":{"rendered":"Python\u57fa\u78408.4-\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Python\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tk<\/li>\n<li>wxWidgets<\/li>\n<li>Qt<\/li>\n<li>GTK<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662fPython\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u5e93\u662f\u652f\u6301Tk\u7684Tkinter\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Tkinter\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u5b89\u88c5\u4efb\u4f55\u5305\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Tkinter\u8fdb\u884cGUI\u7f16\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"tkinter\">Tkinter<\/h3>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u68b3\u7406\u4e00\u4e0b\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u5199\u7684Python\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684Tkinter\uff0cTkinter\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u8bbf\u95eeTk\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>Tk\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe\u5f62\u5e93\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Tcl\u8bed\u8a00\u5f00\u53d1\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>Tk\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u672c\u5730GUI\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u6700\u7ec8\u7684GUI\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528Tkinter\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"-gui-\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aGUI\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528Tkinter\u5341\u5206\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2aGUI\u7248\u672c\u7684\u201cHello, world!\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u5bfc\u5165Tkinter\u5305\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"python\"><span class=\"keyword\">from<\/span> tkinter <span class=\"keyword\">import<\/span> *\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u662f\u4ece<code>Frame<\/code>\u6d3e\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a<code>Application<\/code>\u7c7b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6240\u6709Widget\u7684\u7236\u5bb9\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"python\"><span class=\"class\"><span class=\"keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"title\">Application<\/span><span class=\"params\">(Frame)<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"title\">__init__<\/span><span class=\"params\">(self, master=None)<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        Frame.__init__(self, master)\r\n        self.pack()\r\n        self.createWidgets()\r\n\r\n    <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"title\">createWidgets<\/span><span class=\"params\">(self)<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        self.helloLabel = Label(self, text=<span class=\"string\">'Hello, world!'<\/span>)\r\n        self.helloLabel.pack()\r\n        self.quitButton = Button(self, text=<span class=\"string\">'Quit'<\/span>, command=self.quit)\r\n        self.quitButton.pack()\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728GUI\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2aButton\u3001Label\u3001\u8f93\u5165\u6846\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aWidget\u3002Frame\u5219\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7eb3\u5176\u4ed6Widget\u7684Widget\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684Widget\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u68f5\u6811\u3002<\/p>\n<p><code>pack()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u628aWidget\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u7236\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e03\u5c40\u3002<code>pack()<\/code>\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5e03\u5c40\uff0c<code>grid()<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5e03\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728<code>createWidgets()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a<code>Label<\/code>\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a<code>Button<\/code>\uff0c\u5f53Button\u88ab\u70b9\u51fb\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1<code>self.quit()<\/code>\u4f7f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff0c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316<code>Application<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u542f\u52a8\u6d88\u606f\u5faa\u73af\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"ruby\">app = <span class=\"constant\">Application<\/span>()\r\n<span class=\"comment\"># \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7a97\u53e3\u6807\u9898:<\/span>\r\napp.master.title(<span class=\"string\">'Hello World'<\/span>)\r\n<span class=\"comment\"># \u4e3b\u6d88\u606f\u5faa\u73af:<\/span>\r\napp.mainloop()\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>GUI\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8d1f\u8d23\u76d1\u542c\u6765\u81ea\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u4f9d\u6b21\u5904\u7406\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6d88\u606f\u5904\u7406\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5728\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2aGUI\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/files\/attachments\/00141049329759550860dddd40c49d0806bbf0b3cf7d2f7000\" alt=\"tk-hello-world\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u70b9\u51fb\u201cQuit\u201d\u6309\u94ae\u6216\u8005\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u201cx\u201d\u7ed3\u675f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"-\">\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c<\/h3>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2aGUI\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6539\u8fdb\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u6846\uff0c\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u70b9\u6309\u94ae\u540e\uff0c\u5f39\u51fa\u6d88\u606f\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6846\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"python\"><span class=\"keyword\">from<\/span> tkinter <span class=\"keyword\">import<\/span> *\r\n<span class=\"keyword\">import<\/span> tkinter.messagebox <span class=\"keyword\">as<\/span> messagebox\r\n\r\n<span class=\"class\"><span class=\"keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"title\">Application<\/span><span class=\"params\">(Frame)<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"title\">__init__<\/span><span class=\"params\">(self, master=None)<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        Frame.__init__(self, master)\r\n        self.pack()\r\n        self.createWidgets()\r\n\r\n    <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"title\">createWidgets<\/span><span class=\"params\">(self)<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        self.nameInput = Entry(self)\r\n        self.nameInput.pack()\r\n        self.alertButton = Button(self, text=<span class=\"string\">'Hello'<\/span>, command=self.hello)\r\n        self.alertButton.pack()\r\n\r\n    <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"title\">hello<\/span><span class=\"params\">(self)<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        name = self.nameInput.get() <span class=\"keyword\">or<\/span> <span class=\"string\">'world'<\/span>\r\n        messagebox.showinfo(<span class=\"string\">'Message'<\/span>, <span class=\"string\">'Hello, %s'<\/span> % name)\r\n\r\napp = Application()\r\n<span class=\"comment\"># \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7a97\u53e3\u6807\u9898:<\/span>\r\napp.master.title(<span class=\"string\">'Hello World'<\/span>)\r\n<span class=\"comment\"># \u4e3b\u6d88\u606f\u5faa\u73af:<\/span>\r\napp.mainloop()\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1<code>hello()<\/code>\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7<code>self.nameInput.get()<\/code>\u83b7\u5f97\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6587\u672c\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>tkMessageBox.showinfo()<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f39\u51fa\u6d88\u606f\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6846\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/files\/attachments\/001410493505348d04f0ae2b4274939ab7cbad2c9301f2f000\" alt=\"tk-say-hello\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"-\">\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<p>Python\u5185\u7f6e\u7684Tkinter\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u57fa\u672c\u7684GUI\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\u7684GUI\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u539f\u751f\u652f\u6301\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u5e93\u6765\u7f16\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Python\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a Tk wxWidg &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/9dream.me\/python%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%808-4-%e5%9b%be%e5%bd%a2%e7%95%8c%e9%9d%a2\/\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[17],"tags":[29],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/9dream.me\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/585"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/9dream.me\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/9dream.me\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/9dream.me\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/9dream.me\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=585"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/9dream.me\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/585\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":591,"href":"https:\/\/9dream.me\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/585\/revisions\/591"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/9dream.me\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=585"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/9dream.me\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=585"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/9dream.me\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=585"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}